I. Vidyasagar’s writings significantly helped to develop the Bengali language. II. He received the title ‘Vidyasagar’ from Presidency Sanskrit College, Calcutta. III. He was enthusiastic about the spread of women’s education. IV. Vidyasagar defended widow marriage without being convinced about scriptural support. Select the correct answer using the codes given below.

“Born in 1853 he was a Parsi from Western India. He was the editor of Indian Spectator and Voice of India. He was a social reformer and was the chief crusader for the Age of Consent Act 1891.” Who is being described in the above paragraph?

I. Effort to educate and mobilise opinion among caste Hindus. II. Efforts to educate the ‘avarnas’ about the evils of untouchability. III. Forcibly open the doors of temples for ‘avarnas’. IV. Petition the government to pass laws that would declare untouchability unlawful.

I. In 1867 the Prarthana Samaj of Bombay was founded. II. Two of its chief architects were Mahadev Govind Ranade and Ramakrishna Bhandarkar. III. The leaders of the Prarthana Samaj were not influenced by the ‘Brahmo Samaj’. IV. The Prarthana Samaj leaders condemned the caste system and the practice of untouchability.

I. He had participated in the Non-cooperation programme as a Congressman. II. He left the Congress in 1925 because he believed that the party ignored non-Brahmins in its leadership. III. His movement was influenced by the writings of the Adi Dravida intellectuals like Iyothee Thass and M Masilamani. IV. In 1944, he changed the name of the Justice Party into Dravida Kazhagam (DK). Which of the above statements are correct?

I. Subramaniam Tirumamba was a Malayali poet known as ‘‘The Singing Sword of Kerela’’ who actively participated in the Temple Entry Satyagraha. II. MG Ranade is regarded as the ‘Modern rishi’. III. Amrit Lal Vithaldas Thakkar founded the ‘Bhil Seva Mandal’ in 1922 to elevate the condition of the Bhils and other aborginals in India. IV. BR Ambedkar started the journal Bahiskrit Bharat. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

I. Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar founded the Bethune School at Calcutta with the main aim of encouraging education for women. II. Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay was the first graduate of the Calcutta University. III. Keshab Chandra Sen’s campaign against Sati led to the enactment of a law to ban Sati by the Governor General. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

I. He said that Vedanta was the religion of all. II. He believed in reviving all the best traditions of Hinduism. III. He was impressed by the status of women in the West. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

“He insisted on the cooperation of the Muslims with the British Government and looked at all political movements with distrust. Thus, when the Indian National Congress was formed, he opposed it. He regarded education alone as the means of national progress.”

I. Dayananda Saraswati rejected later religious thoughts, which were in conflict with the Vedas, but his dependence on the Vedas and their infallibility gave his teachings an orthodox colouring. II. The Arya Samajists though fought against untouchability, but supported the rigidities of hereditary caste system. III. The Arya Samaj Movement tried to prevent the conversion of Hindus to other religions, leading to interreligious frictions, which was one of the factors in the growth of communalism in India in the 20th century. Which of the statements given above are correct?

I. The Theosophical Society Movement was led by Westerners (Europeans and Americans) who glorified Indian religious and philosophical traditions. II. This movement tended to give the Indian a sense of false pride in their past greatness. III. This movement got remarkable success within India as well as outside India. Which of the statements given above are correct?

I. He knew that the spread of Western education was necessary to develop a national and scientific attitude in the Indian society. II. He played a pioneering role in the religious and social reform movements of the nineteenth century Bengal. Which of the above statements is/are correct?

I. The Dawn Society was founded in Calcutta by Rabindra Nath Tagore, a proponent of national education, in 1902. II. The society was critical of the colonial education imparted by the university of Calcutta, which according to it, was “all-too-literacy, all-too-academic, unscientific and unindustrial.” III. The Dawn Society merged into the National Council of Education in 1906. Which of the statements given above are correct?

I. He believed that Vedanta was fully rational. II. He criticised his countrymen for having lost touch with the outside world. III. He condemned the caste system. IV. He considered the Veda to be infallible. Select the correct answer using the codes given below.