Explanation: (a) I requested my friend to help me arrange those books on the shelf. (Correct) (b) I asked my friend to help me arrange these books on the shelf. (Incorrect these & reported verb “asked” ) (c) I ordered my friend to help me arrange those books on the shelf.(Incorrect reported verb “ordered” ) (d) I told to my friend to please help me arrange those books on the shelf. (“Told to and please”are incorrect )

Explanation: (c) The professor asked Piyush if he would clean the data and get back to him the next day. (Correct) (a) The professor ordered Piyush that he should clean the data and get back to him the next day. (It is not interrogative and the tone is like a suggestion) (b) The professor told Piyush clean the data and get back to him the next day. (It is not interrogative) (d) The professor asked Piyush will you clean the data and get back to me tomorrow. (Change of reported speech to simple future is incorrect)

Explanation: (c) I told you that he should be trusted.(Correct) (a) I told you that I should be trusted.(“I” in the reported speech is incorrect pronoun) (b) I told you that you should be trusted. (Incorrect pronoun “you” ) (d) I asked you if he should be trusted.(Incorrect reported verb)

Explanation: (c) The thief begged the judge to pardon him. (Correct) (a) The thief requested the judge for pardon me. (“For & me” are incorrect) (b) The thief said to the judge to pardon. (Incorrect reported verb) (d) The thief urged to pardon to the judge. (Reported verb is incorrect)

Explanation: (c) The teacher told the parents that young children were very restless. (Correct) (a) The teacher told the parents that young children had been very restless. (Change of reported speech to past perfect continuous is incorrect) (b) The teacher said the parents that young children are very restless. (After “said” to is missing. ) (d) The teacher asked the parents if young children are very restless.(Usage of “if” is incorrect )

Explanation: (a) Garima said to her friends, “I can’t go with you to the movie tonight as I am very busy.”(Correct) (b) Garima said to her friends, “I can’t go with them to the movie that night as I was very busy.” (Them and was both are incorrect) (c) Garima said to her friends, “She couldn’t go with them to the movie that night as she was very busy.” (Change of reported speech to simple past ) (d) Garima said to her friends, “I couldn’t go with you to the movie tonight as I was very busy.” (Change of reported speech to simple past)

Explanation: (c)The policeman said to the inspector, “I have arrested a man for breaking the lock down rules.”(Correct) (a) The policeman said to the Inspector, “He would arrest a man for breaking the lock down rules.”(Incorrect tense ) (b) The policeman said to the inspector, “I am arresting a man for breaking the lock down rules.” (Change of tense to present continuous) (d) The policeman said to the inspector, “He arrests a man for breaking the lock-down rules.” (Change of reported speech to simple present)

Explanation: (b) My brother said to me, “You can see any film you want on TV.” (Correct) (a) My brother said to me, “You could see any film you wanted on TV.” (Incorrect verb ) (c) My brother said to me, “I could see any film I wanted on TV.”(Could and wanted are incorrect) (d) My brother said to me, “I can see any film I want on TV.”(Incorrect pronoun)

Explanation: (b) Mother told her to paint the river blue (Correct) (a)Mother said her to paint the river blue(Change of reported verb to “said her”is incorrect) (c)Mother told to her paint the river blue(Change of reported verb to “told to”is incorrect) (d)Mother asked her paint the river blue(Change of reported verb to “Asked” is incorrect)

Explanation: (d) The Prime Minister has said that the government will extend help to the unorganized sector(Correct) (a)The Prime Minister said that the government would extend help to the unorganized sector(Change of tense in the reported speech to simple past is incorrect) (b)The Prime Minister has said that the government extend help to the unorganized sector(Change of tense in the reported speech to simple present is incorrect) (c)The Prime Minister said that the government has extended help to the unorganized sector(Change of tense in the reported speech to present perfect is incorrect) Note- When the reporting speech is in present tense, Tense of reporting verb does not change. Going through the options, only option d satisfies the condition.

Explanation: c) He exclaimed that it was a fine piece of architecture (Correct) (a)He exclaimed was it a fine piece of architecture(Structure of reported speech “was it” is incorrect) (b)He exclaimed that what a fine piece of architecture it was(Structure of reported speech is incorrect) (d)He exclaimed what a fine piece of architecture is it.(Change of reported speech to simple present & also interrogative sentence is incorrect) Note- The given sentence is an exclamatory sentence starting with ‘Wh word ‘and also in present tense. Tense of the sentence changes into past tense and exclamation changes into ‘that + pronoun’.

Explanation: (b) She asked me if I had ever flown a kite(Correct) (a)She asked me if I ever flew a kite.(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect) (c)She asked me if you have ever flown a kite.(Change of reported speech to present perfect is incorrect) (d)She asked me that had I ever flown a kite(Structure of reported speech”had I” is incorrect) “First form of Verb(V1)” in the direct form will convert to “Second form of Verb(V2)” in the indirect form. Hence have will convert into had. Further, an interrogative sentence in the reporting speech in Direct form will convert to If/Whether + Subject + Verb in the indirect form & asked will never come with that in the indirect form. Going through the options, option b satisfies these conditions.

Explanation: (b) The tailor told him that his shirt would be ready by the next day.(Correct) (a)The tailor told to him that your shirt will be ready by the next day.(Incorrect Pronoun) (c)The tailor told him that your shirt would be ready by tomorrow.(“Your and tomorrow “ in the reported speech are incorrect) (d)The tailor told him that his shirt will be ready by tomorrow.(Tomorrow in the reported speech is incorrect )

Explanation: (b) The commander said to the soldiers, ‘Climb the hill.”(Correct) The commander ordered the soldiers to climb the hill. (a)The commander ordered to the soldiers, “Go and climb the hill.”(“Ordered to” and “go” are incorrect ) (c)The commander said to the soldiers, “Please climb the hill.”(“Please” is incorrect) (d)The commander said to the soldiers, “Start climbing the hill”(“Start climbing” is incorrect)

Explanation: (d) The teacher says that magnets attract objects made of iron.(Correct) (a)The teacher says magnets attracts objects made of iron.(“that” is missing before starting reported speech ) (b)The teacher said that magnets were attracting objects made of iron.(Change of reporting speech to past continuous is incorrect) (c)The teacher said that magnets attracted objects made of iron.(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect)

Explanation: (a) The policeman said to us, “Do not block the traffic.”(Correct) (b)The policeman said to us, “We should not block the traffic.”( “We ”is incorrect pronoun) (c)The policeman said to us, “You did not block the traffic.”(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect and meaning has changed) (d)The policeman said to us, “Let us not block the traffic(Change of reported speech to imperative sentence is incorrect)

Explanation: (b) I said to my parents, “Don’t worry about me.”(Correct) (a)I said to my parents, “Nothing to worry about me.”(“Nothing” is incorrect) (c)I said to my parents, “You don’t have to worry about me.”(Change of reported speech to simple present is incorrect) (d)I said to my parents, “You don’t be worried about me.”(Change of reported speech to simple present is incorrect)

Explanation: (d) He instructed his brother to pack his bags and leave then.(Correct) (a)He told his brother that pack your bags and leave now.(Incorrect Pronoun) (b)He suggested his brother that he should pack his bags and leave then.(That should not be used.) (c)He ordered his brother to pack your bags and leave now.(“Your and now “ are incorrect)

Explanation: (a) The landlord asked me if I had paid the water bill on time.(Correct) (b)The landlord asked me if I paid the water bill on time.(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect) (c)The landlord asked to me that did I pay the water bill on time.(Incorrect word used) (d)The landlord asked me did I paid the water bill on time.(Incorrect tense and structure)

Explanation: (c)Mahesh asked Priya how she would pay off her debts.(Correct) (a)Mahesh asked Priya how will she pay off her debts.(Change of reported speech to simple future is incorrect) (b)Mahesh asked Priya that how you will pay off your debts(Change of reported speech to simple future is incorrect) (d)Mahesh asked Priya how she would pay off your debts.(Incorrect pronoun used)

Explanation: .(c) I said to him, ”If you go around the park you will see some rare flowers.”(Correct) (a)I said to him, ”If you went around the park you would see some rare flowers.”(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect) (b)I said to him, ”If you go around the park you would saw some rare flowers.”(“would and saw” are incorrect ) (d)I said to him, ”If he went around the park he will see some rare flowers.”(Incorrect change of reported speech to simple past and also usage of “he”)

Explanation: (b)He told me that my father was waiting for me at the reception.(Correct) (a)He told me that his father was waiting for you at the reception.(“His and you “ in the reported speech are incorrect) (c)He told me that your father was waiting for him at the reception. (“Your and Him “ in the reported speech are incorrect) (d)He told to me my father was waiting for you at the reception.(“That”is missing before reported speech and also “you” is used incorrectly)

Explanation: c)The young man said to god, “O God! Help me clear this interview”(Correct) (a)The young man said to god, “Will you help me clear that interview?”(Change of reported speech to interrogative future present is incorrect) (b)The young man said to god, “You have to help me clear that interview”(The tone is no more of appeal and prayer.) (d)The young man said to god, “O God! Help him to clear that interview”(“him and that” are incorrect)

Explanation: (a)Neha said, “What a pleasant surprise!”(Correct) (b)Neha said, “It is a very pleasant surprise.”(Change of reported speech to simple present is incorrect) (c)Neha said, “Is it a very pleasant surprise?”(Change of reported speech to simple present interrogative is incorrect) (d)Neha said, “How a pleasant surprise!”(Structure of reported speech is incorrect)

Explanation: d) He told Manoj that he had celebrated his birthday two days before.(Correct) (a)He told Manoj that he celebrated my birthday two days before.(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect) (b)He told Manoj that he celebrated his birthday two days ago.(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect) (c)He told Manoj that I celebrated my birthday two days ago.(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect)

Explanation: (b)She said to her mother, “Where is my gold bracelet?”(Correct) (a)She asked to her mother, “Where my gold bracelet is?”(Structure of reported speech is incorrect place of “is “ is incorrect.) (c)She said to her mother, “Where was my gold bracelet?’(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect) (d)She said to her mother, “Where was her gold bracelet?”(Change of reported speech to simple present interrogative is incorrect )

Explanation: c) The librarian told her that she could borrow only two books at a time.(Correct) (a)The librarian told her that they could borrow only two books at a time.(Incorrect pronoun in reported speech) (b)The librarian told her that you can borrow only two books at a time.(Incorrect verb in reported speech) (d)The librarian told her that she can borrow only two books at a time.(Incorrect verb)

Explanation: b)He said to me, “Would you like to learn French?” (Correct) (a)He said to me, “Do you like to learn French?” (Incorrect tense) (c)He said to me, “You would like to learn French?” (Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect) (d)He said to me, “I would like to learn French.”(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect)

Explanation: d)The supervisor asked the worker how long he had been working for that company.(Correct) (a)The supervisor asked the worker that how long you had been working for that company.(That and pronoun used in reported speech are incorrect ) (b)The supervisor asked the worker for how long had he been working for this company.(Incorrect word used) (c)The supervisor asked the worker how long had he being working for that company.(Being and that are incorrect words used)

Explanation: c)My neighbour said hello and asked how I was.(Correct) (a)My neighbour said hello and asked how were I.(“Were“ is incorrect) (b)My neighbour said hello and asked how are you.(Change of reported speech to simple present is incorrect) (d)My neighbour said hello and asked how was I.(Structure is incorrect)

Explanation: (b)The boy said to his mother, “Please give me a mango.”(Correct) (a)The boy said to his mother, “Will you give me a mango?”(Change of reported speech to simple future is incorrect ) (c)The mother said to the boy, “Give him a mango.”(Meaning changed) (d)The boy said to his mother, “Give me a mango now”(Meaning changed)

Explanation: (a)The doctor said to her, “What medicine have you taken now?”(Correct) (b)The doctor said to her, “What medicine you are taking now?”(Change of reported speech to present continuous is incorrect) (c)The doctor said to her, “What medicine you have taken then?”(Incorrect word used) (d)The doctor said to her, “What were medicine you have taken then?”(Incorrect word used)

Explanation: d)She said to her brother, “I am going to meet my friend.”(Correct) (a)She said to her brother, “I was going to meet my friend.”(Change of reported speech to past continuous is incorrect) (b)She said to her brother, “She will go to meet her friend.”(Change of reported speech to simple future is incorrect (c)She said to her brother, “I am gone to meet her friend.”(Incorrect tense used)

Explanation: (d)The Principal says that hard work is the key to success(Correct) (a)The Principal say that hard work is the key to success.(Reported verb “say” is incorrect) (b)The Principal said that Hard work was the key to success.(“Was” in the reported speech and reported verb “said” are incorrect) (c)The Principal says that Hard work was the key to success.(Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect)

Explanation: c) Saaransh said, “I solved the crossword yesterday.” (Correct) (a) Saaransh said, “I have solved the crossword the previous day.” (change of reported speech to present perfect) (b) Saaransh said, “He has solved the crossword the previous day.” (pronoun “he” is incorrect) (d) Saaransh said, “He have solved the crossword yesterday.” (verb “have” and “yesterday” in reported speech are incorrect)

Explanation: d) I said to him, “Has it never occurred to you that you are in the wrong profession?” (Correct) (a) I said to him, “Have it never occurred to you that he is in the wrong profession?” (“have” and “he is “ are incorrect) (b) I said to him, “Has it never occurred to you that he was the wrong profession?” (“Was” in the reported speech is incorrect) (c) I said to him, “Does it never occur to you that you are in the wrong profession?” (Change of reported speech to simple present is incorrect)

Explanation: (d)The shopkeeper said, “I am sorry. I made a mistake in my calculations.”(Correct) (a) The shopkeeper said, “I am sorry for the mistake that he makes in my calculations.” (Change of second part in reported speech to simple present is incorrect) (b) The shopkeeper said, “I apologise. I made a mistake in his calculations.” (“His” is wrongly used) (c) The shopkeeper said, “I apologised for the mistake that I make in my calculations.”(Change of second part in reported speech to simple presen is incorrect) Note- “Second form of Verb(V2)” in Direct form converts into “Had +V3(Third form of Verb)” in the Indirect form. So, ‘made’ will convert to ‘had made’ and ‘sorry’ in the direct form converts to ‘apologised’ in the indirect form. Going through the options, only option d satisfies this condition.

Explanation: d) He said to me, “Welcome. Please be seated.” (Correct) (a) He said to me, “Welcome. Please to be seated.” (“to “ is superfluous) (b) He said to me, “Welcome and sit down.” (“please” is missing in reported speech) (c) He said to me, “Be welcome. Please sit.” (“be” is incorrect) Note- First form of Verb(V1)” in the direct form will convert to “Second form of Verb(V2)” in the indirect form. Further, ‘please’ in the direct form converts to ‘requested’ in the indirect form

Explanation: (a) I ordered him to get out and not dare to come there again. (Correct) (b) I ordered him to get out and don’t dare to come here again. (“Don’t and here “ are incorrect) (c) I ordered him get out and don’t dare to come there again. (“Don’t” is incorrect) (d) I ordered him that get out and not dare to come here again. (“that and here” are incorrect ) Note- ‘Get out’ in the reporting speech in the direct form gives a sense of command/order so it will be converted to ‘ordered’ in the indirect form. Further, ‘here’ in the direct form converts to ‘there’ in the indirect form. Going through the options, only option a satisfies these conditions.

Explanation: c) The man said, “I was walking down the road with my guide dog.” (Correct) (a) The man said, “He were walking down the road with his guide dog.” (“Were” and his in reported speech are incorrect) (b) The man said, “I am walking down the road with my guide dog.” (Change of reported speech to present continuous is incorrect) (d) The man said, “I walked down the road with his guide dog.” (Change of reported speech to simple past is incorrect)

Explanation: b) I said, “May your mother recover soon!”(Correct) (a) I say, “Your mother may recover soon.” (Incorrect reporting verb) (c) I said, “Oh God! Your mother may recover soon.” (“Oh God” is superfluous here ) (d) I said, “Might his mother soon recover.” (Structure of reported speech is incorrect) Note- In indirect sentences may change into might so option a and c will not be the answer. Recover soon is the correct phrase. Hence option b will be the appropriate direct form of given indirect sentence.

Explanation: d) The old woman requested her neighbour to buy some vegetables for her the next day.(Correct) (a) The old woman requested to her neighbour to please buy some vegetables for her tomorrow. (“Please “is superfluous and tomorrow is incorrect) (b) The old woman told her neighbour that buy some vegetables for me tomorrow. (That and tomorrow are incorrect) (c) The old woman ordered her neighbour to buy some vegetables for me the next day. (“Me” in the reported speech is incorrect) Note- The word ‘Please’ shows some sense of request. So, ‘please’ in the direct form converts to ‘requested’ in the indirect form. Further, ‘please’ and ‘requested’ cannot come together in a sentence in the indirect form. Going through the options, only option d satisfies this condition.

Explanation: d) He said to me, “Don’t jump to any conclusion.” (Correct) (a) He said to me, “Not to jump to any conclusion.” (“Not” is incorrect) (b) He told to me, “Don’t jump to any conclusion.” (Change of reported verb to “told to” is incorrect) (c) He said to me, “Not jump to any conclusion.”(“ not & to “ are incorrect) Note- The reporting verb ‘Said to’ in the direct form will convert to ‘told’ in the indirect form and ‘Don’t’ in the direct form will convert to ‘Not to’ in the indirect form. Going through the options, only option d satisfies these conditions

Explanation: (d) I ordered the office boy to take those papers to the manager immediately(Correct) (a) I said to the office boy to take these papers to the manager immediately. (“Said to” in the reported verb and “these “in the reported speech are incorrect) (b) I requested the office boy to take these papers to the manager immediately. (Incorrect word “these”) (c) I told the office boy take those papers to the manager immediately. (“To” is missing before reported speech)

Explanation: b) Rahul said, “I slipped and fell on the marshy land.” (Correct) (a) Rahul said, “He slips and falls on the marshy land.” (Change of reported speech to simple present is incorrect) (c) Rahul said, “He have slipped and fallen on the marshy land.” (Incorrect verb) (d) Rahul said, “I slipped and fallen on the marshy land.” (Incorrect verb “fallen”)

Explanation: b) She said to me, “I know you want to help me but I can manage on my own.” (Correct) (a) She said to me, “I knew you want to help her but I could manage on my own.” (Could is incorrect) (c) She said to me, “I know you wanted to help me but she can manage on her own.” (Incorrect Tense ) (d) She said to me, “I know I want to help you but you can manage on your own.” (Incorrect Pronoun)

Explanation: (b) The teacher told the students that Jupiter is the largest planet. (Correct) (a) The teacher told to the students that Jupiter was the largest planet. (“Told to” and was are incorrect) (c) The teacher said students Jupiter is the largest planet. (Incorrect structure) (d) The teacher says to the students that Jupiter was the largest planet. (Incorrect reporting verb and tense)

Explanation: (a) The teacher told Anu that she was very disappointed with her work. (Correct) (b) The teacher told Anu that she were very disappointed with her work. (Incorrect tense) (c) The teacher told Anu that I was very disappointed with her work. (“I” is incorrect pronoun used) (d) The teacher said that Anu I am very disappointed with your work. (Incorrect tense used)

Explanation: (a) She said, “Let us distribute food among the needy.” (Correct) (b) She said, “We could distribute food among the needy.” (incorrect meaning) (c) She said, “Let them distribute food among the needy.” (them is wrong) (d) She ordered, “Distribute food among the needy.” (meaning changed )

Explanation: d) The doctor asked Anita if she was feeling better then. (correct) (a) The doctor asked to Anita if she was feeling better now. (To and now are incorrect) (b) The doctor asked Anita that if she were feeling better now. (Incorrect verb “were” and also “now”) (c) The doctor asked Anita was she was feeling better then. (“If” is missing)