Best Indian Polity MCQ for SSC
Boost your SSC exam preparation with the Best Indian Polity MCQs. These questions cover the Constitution, Fundamental Rights, Duties, and key political institutions — essential for cracking SSC 2025!
Best Indian Polity MCQ for SSC Set:-1
Best Indian Polity 50 MCQ
Q1. Indian Independence Act of 1947 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that partitioned British India into two new independent dominions of India and Pakistan in 1947.
(a) Government of India Act, 1935
(b) Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909
(c) Regulating Act, 1773
(d) Indian Independence Act, 1947
Answer: d) Indian Independence Act, 1947
Explanation: The Indian Independence Act of 1947 was the legislation that formally ended British rule in India and created the independent nations of India and Pakistan.
Q2. Which of the following Acts is considered as the Precursor of the Indian Constitution?
(a) Indian Councils Act, 1909
(b) Government of India Act, 1919
(c) Government of India Act, 1935
(d) Indian Independence Act, 1947
Answer: c) Government of India Act, 1935
Explanation: The Government of India Act of 1935 served as a major source of the Indian Constitution, with many of its provisions, particularly concerning the federal structure, provincial autonomy, and distribution of powers, being adopted directly or with minor modifications.
Q3. By which of the following Acts was the bicameral legislature introduced at the central level in India?
(a) Indian Councils Act, 1861
(b) Morley-Minto Reforms, 1909
(c) Government of India Act, 1919
(d) Government of India Act, 1935
Answer: c) Government of India Act, 1919
Explanation: The Government of India Act of 1919 (also known as the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms) introduced a bicameral legislature at the Centre, consisting of the Central Legislative Assembly and the Council of State.
Q4. Which of the following reforms led to the implementation of the Government of India Act of 1919?
(a) Morley-Minto Reforms
(b) Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
(c) Cabinet Mission Plan
(d) Cripps Mission
Answer: b) Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
Explanation: The Government of India Act of 1919 is also famously known as the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, named after Edwin Montagu (Secretary of State for India) and Lord Chelmsford (Viceroy of India).
Q5. A large part of Constitution especially the structural part of the Constitution is generally derived from the __.
(a) US Constitution
(b) British Constitution
(c) Government of India Act of 1935
(d) Irish Constitution
Answer: c) Government of India Act of 1935
Explanation: A significant portion of the Indian Constitution, particularly its structural framework, is directly borrowed from the Government of India Act of 1935. This includes provisions related to federalism, the office of the governor, the judiciary, public service commissions, and emergency provisions.
Q6. The Charter Act of 1813 extended the East India Company’s rule in India to another __ years.
(a) 10
(b) 20
(c) 30
(d) 50
Answer: b) 20
Explanation: The Charter Act of 1813 renewed the East India Company’s charter for another 20 years, although it also ended the Company’s monopoly on trade with India, except for trade in tea and trade with China.
Q7. The Constituent Assembly was recognised by Section __ of the Indian Independence Act, 1947.
(a) Section 1
(b) Section 3
(c) Section 6
(d) Section 8
Answer: d) Section 8
Explanation: Section 8 of the Indian Independence Act, 1947, provided for the powers of the Constituent Assembly to frame the Constitution for the respective dominions.
Q8. By which of the following Acts of the Government of India, the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms brought about dualism in the provinces?
(a) Government of India Act, 1909
(b) Government of India Act, 1919
(c) Government of India Act, 1935
(d) Indian Councils Act, 1892
Answer: b) Government of India Act, 1919
Explanation: The Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, which led to the Government of India Act of 1919, introduced dyarchy (dualism) in the provinces. This divided provincial subjects into ‘transferred’ and ‘reserved’ categories.
Q9. In which of the following years did the Indian National Congress make the demand for a Constituent Assembly?
(a) 1928
(b) 1931
(c) 1934
(d) 1939
Answer: c) 1934
Explanation: Although the idea of a Constituent Assembly was first proposed by M.N. Roy in 1934, the Indian National Congress officially demanded a Constituent Assembly to frame the Constitution of India in 1934.
Q10. The total membership of the Constituent Assembly was 389, of which __ were representatives of princely states.
(a) 70
(b) 85
(c) 93
(d) 100
Answer: c) 93
Explanation: The total membership of the Constituent Assembly was 389, comprising 292 representatives of British Indian provinces, 93 representatives from princely states, and 4 from Chief Commissioner’s provinces.
Q11. The abolition of dyarchy in the provinces was recommended by the ––––––.
(a) Cripps Mission
(b) Cabinet Mission
(c) Simon Commission
(d) August Offer
Answer: c) Simon Commission
Explanation: The Simon Commission (1927) recommended the abolition of dyarchy in the provinces and the introduction of provincial autonomy. These recommendations largely led to the Government of India Act of 1935, which indeed abolished dyarchy in the provinces.
Q12. By which of the following Act, the system of Dyarchy was introduced at the centre?
(a) Government of India Act, 1909
(b) Government of India Act, 1919
(c) Government of India Act, 1935
(d) Indian Independence Act, 1947
Answer: c) Government of India Act, 1935
Explanation: While dyarchy was introduced in the provinces by the Government of India Act of 1919, the Government of India Act of 1935 introduced dyarchy at the Centre, dividing federal subjects into reserved and transferred.
Q13. The Government of India Act, 1919 was also known as:
(a) Morley-Minto Reforms
(b) Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
(c) Wavell Plan
(d) Simon Commission
Answer: b) Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms
Explanation: The Government of India Act, 1919, is popularly known as the Montagu-Chelmsford Reforms, after the then Secretary of State for India, Edwin Montagu, and the Viceroy of India, Lord Chelmsford.
Q14. The Act that transferred the power from the British East India Company to the British Crown in India was :
(a) Regulating Act, 1773
(b) Pitt’s India Act, 1784
(c) Government of India Act, 1858
(d) Charter Act, 1833
Answer: c) Government of India Act, 1858
Explanation: Following the Sepoy Mutiny of 1857, the Government of India Act of 1858 was passed, which abolished the East India Company and transferred the powers of government, territories, and revenues to the British Crown.
Q15. The Constitution of independent India should be made without any outside interference by a Constituent Assembly elected on the basis of adult franchise. Who gave this statement?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(d) M.N. Roy
Answer: b) Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: While M.N. Roy first proposed the idea of a Constituent Assembly in 1934, Jawaharlal Nehru, on behalf of the Indian National Congress, formally declared in 1938 that the Constitution of free India must be framed, without outside interference, by a Constituent Assembly elected on the basis of adult franchise.
Q16. Who among the following was a member of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly?
(a) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(c) Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar
(d) Rajendra Prasad
Answer: c) Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar
Explanation: The Drafting Committee had seven members, including the Chairman, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar, and other members like N. Gopalaswami Ayyangar, Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar, K.M. Munshi, Syed Mohammad Saadullah, B.L. Mitter (replaced by N. Madhava Rau), and D.P. Khaitan (replaced by T.T. Krishnamachari).
Q17. How many members were there in the drafting committee of Indian Constitution?
(a) 5
(b) 6
(c) 7
(d) 9
Answer: c) 7
Explanation: The Drafting Committee, set up on August 29, 1947, consisted of seven members, including its Chairman Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
Q18. Who among the following wrote the Hindi version of the original Indian Constitution in calligraphic style?
(a) Prem Behari Narain Raizada
(b) Vasant Krishan Vaidya
(c) Nand Lal Bose
(d) Beohar Rammanohar Sinha
Answer: b) Vasant Krishan Vaidya
Explanation: The English version of the original Constitution was calligraphed by Prem Behari Narain Raizada. The Hindi version was calligraphed by Vasant Krishan Vaidya.
Q19. When was the tenth session of the Constituent Assembly held?
(a) January 24, 1949
(b) May 16-26, 1949
(c) October 14-17, 1949
(d) November 14-26, 1949
Answer: c) October 14-17, 1949
Explanation: The tenth session of the Constituent Assembly was held from October 14 to October 17, 1949.
Q20. How many women members were there in the Constituent Assembly that made the Constitution of India?
(a) 10
(b) 15
(c) 20
(d) 25
Answer: b) 15
Explanation: There were 15 women members in the Constituent Assembly of India.
Q21. Who was the Chairman of the House Committee of the Constituent Assembly of India?
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya
(d) Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar
Answer: c) B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya
Explanation: B. Pattabhi Sitaramayya was the Chairman of the House Committee of the Constituent Assembly.
Q22. Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar was the chairman of the __ of the Constituent Assembly of India.
(a) Fundamental Rights Sub-Committee
(b) Drafting Committee
(c) Credentials Committee
(d) Steering Committee
Answer: c) Credentials Committee
Explanation: Alladi Krishnaswami Ayyar was a prominent member of the Drafting Committee and also the chairman of the Credentials Committee.
Q23. GV Mavalankar was the Chairman of the __ of the Constituent Assembly of India.
(a) Union Powers Committee
(b) Provincial Constitution Committee
(c) Committee on the Functions of the Constituent Assembly
(d) Minorities Sub-Committee
Answer: c) Committee on the Functions of the Constituent Assembly
Explanation: G.V. Mavalankar was the Chairman of the Committee on the Functions of the Constituent Assembly. He later became the first Speaker of the Lok Sabha.
Q24. On which of the following dates was the Constitution of India adopted?
(a) January 26, 1950
(b) August 15, 1947
(c) January 24, 1950
(d) November 26, 1949
Answer: d) November 26, 1949
Explanation: The Constitution of India was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949, and is celebrated as Constitution Day (Samvidhan Diwas).
Q25. Who among the following became the member of the Constituent Assembly from Madras constituency in 1946?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) M.A. Jinnah
(c) C. Rajagopalachari
(d) B.R. Ambedkar
Answer: c) C. Rajagopalachari
Explanation: C. Rajagopalachari was a prominent member elected to the Constituent Assembly from the Madras constituency in 1946. Many other significant leaders also represented Madras.
Q26. With reference to the Constituent Assembly, which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Its members were directly elected by universal adult franchise.
(b) It was largely based on the recommendations of the Cabinet Mission Plan.
(c) It started its work after India gained independence.
(d) Princely states did not participate in its proceedings.
Answer: b) It was largely based on the recommendations of the Cabinet Mission Plan.
Explanation: The Constituent Assembly was constituted in November 1946 under the scheme formulated by the Cabinet Mission Plan. Its members were indirectly elected by the members of the provincial legislative assemblies.
Q27. In which of the following years Motilal Nehru along with eight other congress leaders drafted a Constitution for India?
(a) 1927
(b) 1928
(c) 1929
(d) 1930
Answer: b) 1928
Explanation: The Nehru Report, drafted by a committee headed by Motilal Nehru, was presented in 1928. It was the first major attempt by Indians to draft a constitutional framework for India.
Q28. When was the Drafting Committee formed?
(a) July 13, 1946
(b) December 9, 1946
(c) August 29, 1947
(d) November 26, 1949
Answer: c) August 29, 1947
Explanation: The Drafting Committee, responsible for preparing the draft Constitution, was set up on August 29, 1947.
Q29. The Chairman of the Drafting Committee of the Constituent Assembly of India was______.
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Answer: b) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
Explanation: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar was the Chairman of the Drafting Committee and is widely regarded as the chief architect of the Indian Constitution.
Q30. Who was the first Finance Minister of India after independence?
(a) John Mathai
(b) R.K. Shanmukham Chetty
(c) C.D. Deshmukh
(d) Morarji Desai
Answer: b) R.K. Shanmukham Chetty
Explanation: R.K. Shanmukham Chetty was the first Finance Minister of independent India, presenting the first Union Budget of independent India on November 26, 1947.
Q31. Who among the following was the first Law Minister of Independent India?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(d) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Answer: b) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
Explanation: Dr. B.R. Ambedkar served as the first Law Minister of independent India and played a pivotal role in drafting the Constitution.
Q32. Sardar Baldev Singh was the first defence Minister of Independent India.
(a) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(b) Chakravarti Rajagopalachari
(c) Sardar Baldev Singh
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: c) Sardar Baldev Singh
Explanation: Sardar Baldev Singh was the first Defence Minister in the first cabinet of independent India.
Q33. The first Education Minister of Independent India was ––––––.
(a) Dr. S. Radhakrishnan
(b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
(c) C. Rajagopalachari
(d) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Answer: b) Maulana Abul Kalam Azad
Explanation: Maulana Abul Kalam Azad was the first Education Minister of independent India.
Q34. Who was the Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly?
(a) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(b) B.N. Rau
(c) K.M. Munshi
(d) Jawaharlal Nehru
Answer: b) B.N. Rau
Explanation: Sir B.N. Rau (Benegal Narsing Rau) was appointed as the Constitutional Advisor to the Constituent Assembly. He prepared the original draft of the Constitution.
Q35. Who was appointed as Assembly’s Constitutional Adviser in 1946 during the framing of Indian Constitution?
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) B.N. Rau
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: c) B.N. Rau
Explanation: B.N. Rau was appointed as the Constitutional Adviser to the Constituent Assembly in 1946.
Q36. Who was not a member of the Constituent Assembly?
(a) Mahatma Gandhi
(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
Answer: a) Mahatma Gandhi
Explanation: Mahatma Gandhi was not a member of the Constituent Assembly, although his ideas and philosophy influenced its deliberations.
Q37. Who was the first temporary chairman of the Constituent Assembly?
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(b) Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) B.N. Rau
Answer: b) Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha
Explanation: Following the French practice, Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha, as the oldest member, was elected as the interim President of the Constituent Assembly on December 9, 1946.
Q38. On 9th December 1946 who chaired the first session of the Constituent Assembly?
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(b) Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha
(c) Jawaharlal Nehru
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: b) Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha
Explanation: Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha, being the interim President, chaired the first session of the Constituent Assembly on December 9, 1946.
Q39. Who among the following moved ‘Objectives Resolution’ in the Constituent Assembly?
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: b) Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru moved the historic ‘Objectives Resolution’ in the Constituent Assembly on December 13, 1946. This resolution outlined the guiding principles and philosophy of the Constitution.
Q40. Who replaced Sachchidananda Sinha as President of Constituent Assembly?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(c) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(d) B.N. Rau
Answer: b) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
Explanation: On December 11, 1946, Dr. Rajendra Prasad was elected as the permanent President of the Constituent Assembly, replacing Dr. Sachchidananda Sinha.
Q41. Who was the first External Affairs Minister of India after Independence?
(a) Jawaharlal Nehru
(b) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
(c) V.K. Krishna Menon
(d) Lal Bahadur Shastri
Answer: a) Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru, as the first Prime Minister of India, also held the portfolio of External Affairs.
Q42. The first session of Constituent Assembly of India was held in which of the following cities?
(a) Kolkata
(b) Mumbai
(c) Chennai
(d) New Delhi
Answer: d) New Delhi
Explanation: The first session of the Constituent Assembly was held in the Constitution Hall (now the Central Hall of Parliament House) in New Delhi.
Q43. When did the first meeting of the Constituent Assembly take place?
(a) January 26, 1948
(b) August 15, 1947
(c) December 9, 1946
(d) November 26, 1949
Answer: c) December 9, 1946
Explanation: The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly of India was held on December 9, 1946.
Q44. The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly was held in ………………
(a) Bombay
(b) Calcutta
(c) New Delhi
(d) Madras
Answer: c) New Delhi
Explanation: The first meeting of the Constituent Assembly took place in the Constitution Hall, New Delhi.
Q45. Constitution Day of India is on…………….
(a) January 26
(b) August 15
(c) November 26
(d) January 30
Answer: c) November 26
Explanation: Constitution Day (Samvidhan Diwas) is celebrated on November 26 each year to commemorate the adoption of the Constitution of India on November 26, 1949.
Q46. Indian Constitution came into force on___.
(a) November 26, 1949
(b) August 15, 1947
(c) January 24, 1950
(d) January 26, 1950
Answer: d) January 26, 1950
Explanation: The Constitution of India fully came into force on January 26, 1950, a date specifically chosen to honor the Purna Swaraj Day of 1930.
Q47. When did the Constituent Assembly adopt the Constitution of India?
(a) January 26, 1950
(b) August 15, 1947
(c) January 24, 1950
(d) November 26, 1949
Answer: d) November 26, 1949
Explanation: The Constitution was adopted by the Constituent Assembly on November 26, 1949, though it was enacted fully on January 26, 1950.
Q48. The movement Objectives Resolution to guide the deliberations of the Assembly was started by
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Dr. B.R. Ambedkar
(d) Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel
Answer: b) Jawaharlal Nehru
Explanation: Jawaharlal Nehru moved the ‘Objectives Resolution’ on December 13, 1946, which served as the philosophical bedrock and guiding principles for the Constitution.
Q49. The Constitution of India was framed by :
(a) The Indian Parliament
(b) The Constituent Assembly
(c) The British Parliament
(d) The Indian National Congress
Answer: b) The Constituent Assembly
Explanation: The Constitution of India was framed by the Constituent Assembly, which was specifically elected for this purpose.
Q50. In which year did the Government of India pass the Disabilities Act?
(a) 1986
(b) 1995
(c) 2000
(d) 2016 (Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act)
Answer: b) 1995
Explanation: The Persons with Disabilities (Equal Opportunities, Protection of Rights and Full Participation) Act was passed by the Government of India in 1995. This Act was later replaced by the Rights of Persons with Disabilities Act, 2016.
Answer: d) Government of India Act of 1935
Explanation: The Government of India Act of 1935 is widely regarded as the most significant precursor to the current Constitution of India. A substantial portion of the Indian Constitution, especially its administrative details, federal structure, distribution of powers, and provisions for a judiciary and public service commissions, were either directly borrowed or heavily influenced by the 1935 Act.
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